Composing A StillLife (2024)

How to compose a still life grouping

Composing A StillLife (1)

Painting by student artist: Kendal Zeilke

Composing a still life can feel like tricky business. It's tough to know what looks best. In this class I'm going to walk you through 3 types of still life set ups so that you'll be able to arrange objects with confidence. The bonus is, these theories can also be used when arranging decorative groupings around your home. Think in terms of tablescapes, shelves and arranging accessories.

Our first step is to create your still life grouping.
Creating your grouping and collecting your items can be a fun and very personal experience. Look for things that make you smile. Remember this is getting turned into artwork that you may want to display or give with special meanings. Don't rush through this part of the exercise but instead try collecting things that relate and will work well together. Some ideas are holiday items, things with textures, linens, foods, knick-knacks and kitchen supplies.

Your still life compositions can be anything from everyday household items to bits of family treasures (antique mirrors or pins).

It may help to find common colors or themes. In the example to the right, students created a holiday themed grouping.

Bring in the garden
My most favorite still life compositions are simple and soothing to look at. You'll find that adding natural, outdoor items can make for an exquisite scene. Fresh cut flowers, ferns or moss can add life to your composition.

Composing A StillLife (2)

Composing A StillLife (3)

* Click on the videos to see them enlarged

There are 3 main ways to organize your still lifes. The "L" shape, the "A" and the "U". Basically these are dependent on where you place the tallest items and how they relate to the lower/smaller elements.

Experiment with trying the 3 different designs with your items.

Composing A StillLife (4)

Creating an "L" shaped still life composition

Composing A StillLife (5)

Creating an "A" shaped composition

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Creating a "U" shaped composition

Use extra matte board or scraps to check the composition of your items and how they will sit on your paper.

Focal Point ( Emphasis or Dominance )
This is perhaps the most important principle. This is where the viewers eye goes first! It’s best to always look for pre-existing emphasis within your own subject matter—and when it’s there, exaggerate it and make sure to use it. If no dominant focal point naturally exists, then allow one element to be the focal point either by manipulating the value in your piece, the color, the contrast, the level of detail or positioning.
Remember this tip: have a Focal point and have it be interesting!

Overlap
Overlapping your items slightly creates interesting shapes and layers. It ties your elements into the rest of the grouping and creates a relationship between the items if you will.

Isolate
Isolating an object from a group immediately gives it attention above the rest of the group.

Oblique items
Give your items a twist. The composition will be much more pleasing if all of the items are not standing in a row like ducklings in a pond.

Balance
This does not mean symmetry. It means balancing negative and positive space, lights and dark etc. so that the eye is comfortable. It is making sure that the arrangement is not too heavily weighted visually on one side or the other. If you are not sure, then squint at the arrangement and it will help you see a bit more easily.

Additional tips for painting your still life:

  1. Limiting your palette to just four colors and using each of these colors in almost each element will give your painting a comfortable feeling of continuity.
  2. Use warm aggressive colors in the foreground and cool recessive colors in the background or on background objects.
  3. Start lightly with the paint and gradually layer and build it up using repeated washes. This is the under-painting and will serve as a guide.
  4. For now, let's keep your background white.
  5. To give the utmost force and strength to your work, some parts should be as light as possible and some as dark as possible in your value scales. These two extremes will then blend and harmonize with the other values.

    Don't forget to add a shadow underneath and maybe even lightly behind your objects. It will add weight to them and ground them to what they are sitting on.

For Your Homework

Composing A StillLife (8)

Compose and paint a simple small still life on an 8X10" paper. Remember to start light and gradually darken up areas that you want to have more impact and focal point. Take breaks and let each layer dry, glazing and layering on more paint after breaks as you go.

I can't wait to see how they turn out on our Facebook Group Forum!

Composing A StillLife (2024)

FAQs

How do you write a composition in still life? ›

By dividing your focus area or canvas horizontally and vertically into three sections and then aligning areas of focus on the intersections of those lines, you can create balance in a still life. Avoiding unintentional repetition will also help to create a strong still life.

What are the ideas for still life composition? ›

Some ideas are holiday items, things with textures, linens, foods, knick-knacks and kitchen supplies. Your still life compositions can be anything from everyday household items to bits of family treasures (antique mirrors or pins). It may help to find common colors or themes.

What is the golden ratio in still life? ›

Firstly, you can use this ratio to determine the size of your canvas: a Golden Rectangle is a rectangle in which the ratio of the lengths of the sides is 1 : 1.618 (to calculate a Golden Rectangle, you would choose any length for one side, and then multiply that length by 1.618 to get the length of the other side: for ...

What are the three important parts of a still life drawing? ›

Still Life Objects, Shapes, and Arrangement

The shapes of common objects selected for a still life drawing provide design elements and focus on specific skills.

What are the rules of still life painting? ›

Good still life compositions have balance so use the rule of thirds to help establish this balance. When arranging, take a photo of the objects using a grid of 3 X 3 squares (most phones will have this in their camera settings), otherwise you can fold an image in three vertically then three horizontally for the grid.

What are the four types of still life? ›

There are four main types of still-life art: Flower Pieces, Banquet or Breakfast Pieces, Animal Pieces, and Symbolic Paintings.

What are good objects to draw in a still life? ›

Still life objects, or still life subjects can be almost anything. Most often, simple shapes that are supplied by fruits, flowers, vases, bottles, and other common objects found around the house or home are a good place to start drawing.

How to make a still life more interesting? ›

The focus of a still life painting might be a symmetrically placed object or a set of asymmetrically balanced objects. Light and lighting is also an important factor. A directional light might reveal form strongly, while ambient indirect light might emphasise flat shapes in the composition.

What is the rule of thirds in still life photography? ›

In still life photography, the rule of thirds means you'll divide your image (frame) into nine equal rectangles by drawing two imaginary horizontal and vertical lines. You will then place your subject on those lines or at the intersection of those two lines.

What is the rule of thirds in art? ›

The rule of thirds means that the subject isn't centered; rather, the main focal point can be to one side or at the top or bottom of the image. It's a tool to help artists draw the viewer's eye into the composition, rather than just glancing at the center.

What is the composition of a still life photo? ›

Composition in a still life photo is not only the shape and form of the objects. The colours must be either harmonious or contrasting; there must be some type of schema for the viewer to enjoy. It's best to study colour from the colour wheel. This allows you to develop a feeling for how colours work well together.

Why is overlapping important in still life? ›

When objects are drawn side by side (no overlapping) then they tend to look flat. Overlapping objects tells our brains that certain things are closer (in the foreground) and certain things are farther away (in the background). Another way of putting it is that overlapping creates depth.

How to draw a still life composition? ›

Here we'll learn some basic principles for arranging the composition of a still life drawing or painting.
  1. What you'll need:
  2. Complementary: Colors directly opposite each other on the color wheel, for example, red and green.
  3. Analogous: Colors adjacent to each other on the color wheel, such as yellow and green.

What is essential in the creation of a still life? ›

An important element of still life art is the mastery of lighting. Artists play with shadows and highlights to create a sense of drama and depth. The way light and shadow is used breathes life into inanimate objects, transforming them into poetic compositions.

How do you write a composition about your life? ›

They explain your story and help you answer the main essay prompt with more details than if you just answered it without a plan in place.
  1. Brainstorm and Outline. ...
  2. Be Vulnerable. ...
  3. Use Personal Examples. ...
  4. Write in the First Person. ...
  5. Don't Be Afraid to Show Off…But Stay on Topic! ...
  6. Show Personality. ...
  7. Know Your Audience.
Jun 6, 2024

What is composition writing examples? ›

Composition writing is a very easy method to get the point across and that too in a short amount of time. The composition can be easily understood because often they are written as a form of short composition. Some short composition writing examples are message writing, dairy entry, notice etc.

How to compose a still life photo? ›

Compose your photo with diverse textures and materials. It doesn't matter whether it's a handful of random objects from your home or a curated collection of sterling silver candlesticks. Explore how shadows and light reflect off of various surfaces, and see how it affects your final composition. Different lighting.

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